Striped Skunk
Mephitis mephitis

The striped skunk is a black and white mammal about the size of a house cat. It can be found throughout nearly all of North America, including the continental United States, southern Canada, and northern Mexico.

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(Photo courtesy Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources under a CC BY-ND 2.0 license)

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Appearance

The striped skunk is overall black, with a characteristic white stripe that starts thin along the snout and usually splits into a thicker V-shape toward the tail. They will often have white hairs on either side of their mostly-black, bushy tails. Striped skunks are between 18 and 32 inches in length and weigh up to eight pounds, making them the approximate size of a house cat.

Males are typically slightly larger than females, but they otherwise look alike. Striped skunks have webbed toes and claws that allow them to dig for food.

Feeding

Striped skunks are omnivores and change their diets depending on what is available in different seasons. In warmer seasons, they will eat lots of insects, as well as worms and crayfish. In colder months, they may eat voles, young birds or bird eggs. Skunks have also been known to eat a variety of reptiles, amphibians, fish and even carrion (already dead animals). For plants, skunks will eat seeds, nuts and fruit.

Predators

The striped skunk wards off most predators through its well-known defense mechanism: a smelly fluid that the skunk can spray up to 12 feet. In addition to having a strong smell, the spray can also sting predators if it hits their eyes.

Unfortunately for the skunk, large birds of prey, like great horned owls, golden eagles and bald eagles, are not bothered by the spray. Skunks can also be hunted by mountain lions, coyotes, foxes and badgers.

Voice

While striped skunks may growl or chirp, they tend to be pretty silent.

Reproduction and Life Cycle

Female striped skunks will usually breed only once each year, sometime between February and April. The babies are born two months after mating, usually in litters of five or six. The babies are born blind and deaf, and won’t open their eyes for three weeks. For the first six weeks, young skunks remain in the den. After this time, they will begin to go outside and learn to hunt from their mother.

Male skunks will go off on their own after a few months, while females may remain with their mother for up to a year. Many young skunks fall victim to weather or disease and do not survive their first year. Those that do tend to have a life span of up to seven years.

Did You Know?

  • Skunks may have very unique stripe pattern.
  • Striped skunks usually live alone, but several females may live together during the winter.
  • Rather than digging their own burrows, striped skunks will usually try to find burrows abandoned by other animals or live in hollowed logs
  • While they don’t hibernate, skunks that live in cold areas become much less active and live off of their fat stores. Skunks can lose up to 50 percent of their body weight during the winter months.
  • While skunks do eat plants, 80 to 90 percent of their food comes from other animals.
  • Outside of breeding season, female skunks avoid males. They can even become aggressive and will stomp their feet or fight if they aren’t left alone.
  • The skunk’s scientific name, Mephitis mephitis, comes from the Latin word for bad odor.

Sources and Additional Information

Tags:
Mammals Land Mammals Forests & Uplands